This is the single by Japanese singer-songwriter Meiko Nakahara titled “Tsukiyo Ni Ki Wo Tsukete!” (月夜に気をつけて!). The Japanese sans-serif on the front cover is Midashi Gothic MB101 (見出ゴシックMB101) by Morisawa. This is quite a rare typeface to be used considering Shaken dominated the typesetting scene during the late Showa period.
At the back cover, the overall Japanese serif text is set in an oldstyle (オールドスタイル) variant of Ishii Mincho (石井明朝). The Japanese sans-serif text is Ishii Gothic (石井ゴシック), and the English instruments mentioned in the musicians section are set in Gothic No.2. All typefaces used at the back cover are made by Shaken.
[More info on Discogs]